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constraint 音标拼音: [kənstr'ent] n. 强制,局促 强制,局促 constraint 制约; 约束 constraint 约束 constraint n 1: the state of being physically constrained; "dogs should be kept under restraint" [synonym: {constraint}, {restraint}] 2: a device that retards something's motion; "the car did not have proper restraints fitted" [synonym: {restraint}, {constraint}] 3: the act of constraining; the threat or use of force to control the thoughts or behavior of others Constraint \Con*straint"\, n. [OF. constrainte, F. constrainte.] The act of constraining, or the state of being constrained; that which compels to, or restrains from, action; compulsion; restraint; necessity. [1913 Webster] Long imprisonment and hard constraint. --Spenser. [1913 Webster] Not by constraint, but by my choice, I came. --Dryden. Syn: Compulsion; violence; necessity; urgency. Usage: {Constraint}, {Compulsion}. Constraint implies strong binding force; as, the constraint of necessity; the constraint of fear. Compulsion implies the exertion of some urgent impelling force; as, driven by compulsion. The former prevents us from acting agreeably to our wishes; the latter forces us to act contrary to our will. Compulsion is always produced by some active agent; a constraint may be laid upon us by the forms of civil society, or by other outward circumstances. --Crabb. [1913 Webster] 169 Moby Thesaurus words for "constraint": abnegation, abstinence, aloofness, aplomb, arrest, arrestation, backwardness, bashfulness, blankness, caging, calm, calmness, check, chilliness, circumscription, coaction, coercion, coldness, composure, compulsion, compulsiveness, confinement, conservatism, continence, control, cool, cooling, cooling down, cooling off, coolness, cramp, curb, curtailment, deceleration, denial, detachment, discipline, discreetness, discretion, dispassion, distance, drive, driving, duress, enforcement, evenness, exigency, expressionlessness, forbearance, forcing, frigidity, frostiness, frugality, gentleness, goad, golden mean, guardedness, happy medium, hindrance, iciness, impartiality, impassiveness, impassivity, impelling, impersonality, impoundment, impulse, impulsion, inaccessibility, independence, inevitability, inhibition, injunction, interdict, introversion, irresistibility, judiciousness, juste-milieu, legal restraint, lenity, lockup, meden agan, middle way, mildness, moderateness, moderation, moderationism, modesty, monopoly, motive, necessity, neutrality, nonviolence, nothing in excess, obligation, obligement, pacifism, penning, pinch, possession, press, pressure, prohibition, protection, protectionism, protective tariff, prudence, push, rash impulse, rationing, rein, remoteness, renouncement, renunciation, repose, repression, reserve, reservedness, restraint, restraint of trade, restriction, retardation, reticence, reticency, retirement, retiring disposition, retrenchment, self-abnegation, self-command, self-conquest, self-control, self-denial, self-discipline, self-government, self-mastery, self-possession, self-restraint, serenity, slowing down, soberness, sobriety, sophrosyne, spring, spur, stability, standoffishness, steadiness, stress, subduedness, suppression, tariff wall, temperance, temperateness, thought control, tranquillity, unaffability, unapproachability, uncongeniality, undemonstrativeness, unexcessiveness, unexpansiveness, unextravagance, unextremeness, urge, urgency, via media, violence, withdrawal, withdrawnness equality or {ineqality} relation, between the values of one or more mathematical variables (often two). E.g. x>3 is a constraint on x. {constraint satisfaction} attempts to assign values to variables so that all constraints are true. {Usenet} newsgroup: {news:comp.constraints}. {FAQ (http://cs.unh.edu/ccc/archive/)}. (2002-06-08) CONSTRAINT. In the civil and Scottish law, by this term is understood what,
in the common law, is known by the name of duress. 2. It is a general rule, that when one is compelled into a contract, there is no effectual consent, though, ostensibly, there is the form of it. In such case the contract will be declared void. 3. The constraint requisite thus to annul a contract, must be a vis aut me us qui cadet in constantem virum, such as would shake a man of firmness and resolution. 3 Ersk. 1, Sec. 16; and 4, 1, Sec. 26; 1 Bell's Conn. B. 3, part 1, o. 1, s. 1, art. 1, page 295.
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