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hierarchy    音标拼音: [h'ɑɪɚ,ɑrki] [h'ɑɪr,ɑrki]
n. 阶级组织,教士政治,僧侣政治

阶级组织,教士政治,僧侣政治

hierarchy
层次 HIR

hierarchy
阶层

hierarchy
n 1: a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a
system; "put honesty first in her hierarchy of values"
2: the organization of people at different ranks in an
administrative body [synonym: {hierarchy}, {power structure},
{pecking order}]

Hierarchy \Hi"er*arch`y\ (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[y^]), n.; pl.
{Hierarchies} (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[i^]z). [Gr.
'ierarchi`a: cf. F. hi['e]rarchie.]
1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.
[1913 Webster]

2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and
orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of
ecclesiastical rulers.
[1913 Webster]

3. A form of government administered in the church by
patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in
an inferior degree, by priests. --Shipley.
[1913 Webster]

4. A rank or order of holy beings.
[1913 Webster]

Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. --Milton.

5. (Math., Logic, Computers) Any group of objects ranked so
that every one but the topmost is subordinate to a
specified one above it; also, the entire set of ordering
relations between such objects. The ordering relation
between each object and the one above is called a
hierarchical relation.

Note: Classification schemes, as in biology, usually form
hierarchies.
[PJC]

193 Moby Thesaurus words for "hierarchy":
absolute monarchy, aedileship, animal kingdom, archbishopric,
archiepiscopacy, archiepiscopate, aristocracy, autarchy, autocracy,
autonomy, bishopric, bureaucracy, caste, chain of being,
chairmanship, chancellery, chancellorate, chancellorship, chiefery,
chiefry, chieftaincy, chieftainry, chieftainship, class,
class structure, coalition government, colonialism, commonwealth,
condition, constitutional government, constitutional monarchy,
consulate, consulship, continuity, deanery, degree, democracy,
dictatorship, dictature, directorate, directorship, domain,
dominion rule, duarchy, duumvirate, dyarchy, echelon, emirate,
episcopacy, establishment, federal government, federation,
feudal system, footing, garrison state, gerontocracy, governorship,
gradation, headship, hegemony, heteronomy, hierocracy,
higher echelons, higher-ups, home rule, kingdom, leadership,
limited monarchy, lordship, magistracy, magistrateship,
magistrature, management, martial law, masterdom, mastership,
mastery, mayoralty, mayorship, meritocracy, metropolitanate,
metropolitanship, militarism, military government, mineral kingdom,
ministry, mob rule, mobocracy, monarchy, natural hierarchy,
neocolonialism, nobility, ochlocracy, officialdom, oligarchy,
order, pantisocracy, papacy, pashadom, pashalic, patriarchate,
patriarchy, pecking order, place, police state, pontificality,
pontificate, popedom, popehood, popeship, position,
power structure, precedence, prefectship, prefecture, prelacy,
premiership, presidency, presidentship, prime-ministership,
prime-ministry, princedom, princeship, principality, proconsulate,
proconsulship, protectorate, protectorship, provostry, provostship,
pure democracy, pyramid, rank, rate, rating, realm, rectorate,
rectorship, regency, regentship, representative democracy,
representative government, republic, ruling class, ruling classes,
seigniory, self-determination, self-government, seneschalship,
seneschalsy, sequence, serial order, sheikhdom, sheriffalty,
sheriffcy, sheriffdom, shrievalty, social democracy, sphere, stage,
standing, station, status, stratocracy, subordination,
supervisorship, suzerainship, suzerainty, technocracy,
the Establishment, the administration, the authorities,
the ingroup, the interests, the people upstairs, the power elite,
the power structure, the top, thearchy, them, theocracy, they,
top brass, totalitarian government, totalitarian regime, triarchy,
tribunate, triumvirate, tyranny, vegetable kingdom, vizierate,
viziership, welfare state

An organisation with few things, or one thing, at the top and
with several things below each other thing. An inverted tree
structure. Examples in computing include a directory
hierarchy where each directory may contain files or other
directories; a hierarchical {network} (see {hierarchical
routing}), a {class hierarchy} in {object-oriented
programming}.

(1994-10-11)


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